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Type 4. Romantic

Tip! Click on the books on the left to read different author's descriptions for this type.

The description here was salvaged from Dave's Enneagram Site, when it was about to be deleted in 5/98. Check his new site for updates.
Naranjo
E-Type Structures
Palmer
-E-gram
E  in Love & Work
Pocket E-gram
Riso and Hudson
Understanding E-gram
Discovering Your Type
E-gram Transform.
Baron & Wagele
E-gram Made Easy
Are You My Type?
Keyes
Emotions and E-gram
Hurley & Dobson
What’s My Type?
Callahan
E-gram for Youth
Excerpts from Enneagram Books
   Callahan - The Enneagram for Youth
 

Type Four: The Symbol Maker

Personality Identification

What do I want most?

  • I want to be understood and to understand myself.

What is most important to me?

  • It is important to me to find a meaning and a purpose in my life.

What is the worst thing that could happen to me?

  • The worst thing that could happen to me is for people to think that there is something emotionally wrong with me.

How do I see myself (on a good day)?

  • I am thoughtful, sincere, sensitive, and emotionally intense.

Path of Peace: Four (Symbol Maker) looks to One (Judge)

The Four, always struggling to understand itself, lets go of this effort, makes an act of faith in its goodness, and generates for itself moral principles to follow like a healthy One, reveals itself like a healthy Three, develops the other focus of healthy Two, and discovers the spontaneous creativity of a healthy Five.

I am principled.
[1. Judge]
I am creative.
[5. Watcher]
I am understanding.
[4. Symbol Maker]
I am expressive.
[3. Performer]
I am caring.
[2. Caretaker]

Path of Storms: Four (Symbol Maker) looks to Two (Caretaker)

The Four, after whining attempts to find nurturing outside of itself, withdraws into itself for self-nurturing and develops the selfishness of the unhealthy Two, develops false self-presentations like an unhealthy Three, becomes envious like an unhealthy One, and feels the emptiness of the unhealthy Five.

I am envious.
[1. Judge]
I am barren.
[5. Watcher]
I am misunderstood.
[4. Symbol Maker]
I am deceitful.
[3. Performer]
I am needy.
[2. Caretaker]

A Counseling Approach

  • Yes, once you trust in your basic goodness, you free yourself from envy and the self-punishment impulse that is at the cause of shameful behavior. Once you accept your goodness it gives you great moral strength.
  • Yes, the natural beauty of who you are expresses itself spontaneously once you trust that it is there.
  • Yes, once we give up the yearning to be understood we become very understanding of other people's feelings and genuinely care for them. We understand who we are when we understand others. We care for ourselves when we care for others.
  • Yes, you are a very creative person. Once you trust in your goodness and creativity it pours out of you when you look the other way.
  • Yes, you have always been acceptable and lovable as you are. If there are people who can't see it, it's their loss and not your fault. Give to others the love and understanding that you want for yourself.

Rev. William J. Callahan, S.J.

The Enneagram for Youth
Counselor's Manual
Loyola University Press, 1992, 156 pages