Re: Fours and bi-/homosexuality?

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: Are we BORN into our enneagram type, or are we RAISED to become what we are? Is homosexuality genetic? : I think you might find this article, "Sex and the single gene", by Simon Le Vay posted in The Times Higher Education Supplement, May 3rd 1996, interesting: : : : "In 1991, while on the faculty of the Salk Institute in San Diego, California, I published the results of my : research on brain structure and sexuality in men. A group of cells in the hypothalamus, I reported, was : more than twice as large in heterosexual men as in gay men. This cell group lies in a brain region : involved in the generation of 'male-typical' sexual drive, and is usually larger in men than in women." : "Around the same time, several research groups reported on studies of twins. Although the exact : results differed from study to study, there was general agreement that identical twins (who share all the : same genes) are much more likely to share the same sexual orientation than are fraternal twins (who : share only about half their genes). These findings suggested that sexual orientation in both men and : women has a substantial inherited component." : "This conclusion was bolstered, for men, by the molecular genetic research of Dean Hamer and his : colleagues at the National Cancer Institute in Washington DC. By studying the DNA of pairs of brothers, : both of whom were gay, they found a region of the X chromosome, named Xq28, where such brothers : have an above-chance likelihood of inheriting the same genetic sequences. The heterosexual brothers : of these same men, in contrast, generally do not inherit the same sequences." : "Hamer's findings suggest there is a gene on the X chromosome that influences (but does not fully : determine) men's sexual orientation. At this point, the gene itself has not been identified. Also, Hamer's : group has not so far been able to pin down the location of any gene influencing sexual orientation in : women." : "These scientific reports are part of a larger body of biological research on human sexuality that : suggests both sexual orientation and other gender-related traits are strongly influenced by the sexual : differentiation of the brain before birth, a process that itself is under the influence of sex hormones. The : science does not yet provide a fully coherent account of psychosexual development. Nevertheless, it : suggests that theories that see sexual orientation and gender as developing out of a web of family and : other interpersonal relationships - are at the least inadequate and perhaps wholly incorrect." : (...) : : Bibi

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